OREA - Institut für Orientalische und Europäische Archäologie, ÖAW – Institut für Urgeschichte und Historische Archäologie - Universität Wien (Hg.)


Archaeologia Austriaca 104/2020

Zeitschrift zur Archäologie Europas
Journal on the Archaeology of Europe

ISSN 0003-8008
Print Edition
ISSN 1816-2959
Online Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8836-0
Print Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8845-2
Online Edition
Archaeologia Austriaca 104  doi:10.1553/archaeologia104 
2020,   354 Seiten, zahlr. Farb- und s/w Abb. und Pläne, 29,7x21cm, deutsch-englisch, broschiert
Open access


Sophie Zimmermann, Barbara Horejs
Editorial

Artikel / Articles

Doris Pany-Kucera, Michaela Spannagl-Steiner, Lukas Waltenberger, Walther Parson, Christina Strobl, Barbara Rendl, Lukas Janker, Fabian Kanz, Katharina Rebay- Salisbury
Social Relations, Deprivation and Violence at Schleinbach, Lower Austria. Insights from an Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Early Bronze Age Human Remains
Appendix 1. Catalogue of Human Remains from Schleinbach – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s13-A

Anika Retzmann, Anna-Maria Kriechbaum, Monika Griebl, Karin Wiltschke-Schrotta, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Johanna Irrgeher, Thomas Prohaska
Sr Isotope Analysis of Human Remains from Settlement Pits at Stillfried/March. Reappraising Diagenetic Changes

Ernst Pernicka, Jörg Adam, Gregor Borg, Gerhard Brügmann, Jan-Heinrich Bunnefeld, Wolfgang Kainz, Mechthild Klamm, Thomas Koiki, Harald Meller, Ralf Schwarz, Thomas Stöllner, Christian-Heinrich Wunderlich, Alfred Reichenberger
Why the Nebra Sky Disc Dates to the Early Bronze Age. An Overview of the Interdisciplinary Results

Leandra Reitmaier-Naef, Peter Thomas, Julia Bucher, Monika Oberhänsli, Caroline O. Grutsch, Klaus-Peter Martinek, Mathias Seifert, Philippe Rentzel, Rouven Turck, Thomas Reitmaier, Philippe Della Casa
Mining at the Fringes. High-Altitude Prehistoric Copper Mining in the Oberhalbstein Valley (Grisons, Switzerland)
Appendix 1. Supplementary Data – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s123-A

Anja Hellmuth Kramberger
„Sonnenbarken“ und „Mondscheiben“ im bronzezeitlichen Istrien? Zu zwei besonderen Schalen mit verziertem Boden aus der Gradina von Monkodonja nahe Rovinj, Kroatien

Annalisa Rumolo
Treazzano di Monsampolo, a Recent Bronze Age Settlement in the Middle Adriatic Area

Laetitia Phialon
Thoughts on the Capacities of Goblets and Consumption Practices in Middle Helladic and Early Mycenaean Settlements
Appendix 1. Supplementary Data: Capacities of Drinking Vessels and Tableware – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s195-A

Paul Gleirscher
Keltischer oder etruskischer Einfluss? Ein späthallstattzeitlicher Armreif mit gegenständiger Kopfzier aus Möllbrücke (Kärnten)

Nives Doneus, Igor Miholjek, Kristina Džin, Michael Doneus, Pavle Dugonjić, Hannes Schiel
Archaeological Prospection of Coastal and Submerged Settlement Sites. Re-Evaluation of the Roman Site Complex of Vižula, Croatia

Mária Műllerová
New Synthesis of Early Medieval Iron Hoards from Slovakia

Martin Neumann
Standortwahl des Kalvarienberges im Vorfeld der Burg Červený Kameň (SW-Slowakei)

Rezensionen / Reviews

Eva Lenneis
Joanna Pyzel (Hrsg.), Ludwinowo, stanowisko 7: Osada neolityczna na Kujawach / Ludwinowo, Site 7: Neolithic Settlement in Kuyavia. Ocalone dziedzictwo archeologiczne 8 / Saved Archaeological Heritage 8 (Profil-Archeo Publishing House and Archaeological Studio, University of Gdańsk Publishing House, Pękowice – Gdańsk 2019)

Jörg Weilhartner
Louis Godart, Anna Sacconi, Les archives du roi Nestor: Corpus des inscriptions en linéaire B de Pylos. Vol. 1: séries Aa–Fr, Vol. 2: séries Gn–Xn. Pasiphae 13–14 (Fabrizio Serra Editore, Pisa – Rom 2019–2020) und / and Jean-Pierre Olivier, Maurizio Del Freo, The Pylos Tablets Transcribed: Deuxième Édition (Libreriauniversitaria.it edizioni, Padua 2020)

Felix Höflmayer
Birgit Schiller, Handel in Krisenzeiten: Ägyptisch-mykenische Handelsbeziehungen in der Ramessidenzeit (Archaeopress, Oxford 2018)

Ernst Czerny
Florian Ebeling, Christian E. Loeben (Hrsg.), O Isis und Osiris – Ägyptens Mysterien und die Freimaurerei. Museum Kestnerianum 21 (Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rahden/Westfalen 2018)

Karl Krierer
Stephan G. Schmid, Sophie G. Horacek (Hrsg.), “I don’t know what am I myself, it is so very difficult to explain.” Max Ohnefalsch-Richter (1850–1917) und die Archäologie Zyperns. Studia Cyprologica Berolinensia 1 (Logos Verlag, Berlin 2018)

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at

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Archaeologia Austriaca 104/2020
ISSN 0003-8008
Print Edition
ISSN 1816-2959
Online Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8836-0
Print Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8845-2
Online Edition



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OREA - Institut für Orientalische und Europäische Archäologie, ÖAW – Institut für Urgeschichte und Historische Archäologie - Universität Wien (Hg.)


Archaeologia Austriaca 104/2020

Zeitschrift zur Archäologie Europas
Journal on the Archaeology of Europe

ISSN 0003-8008
Print Edition
ISSN 1816-2959
Online Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8836-0
Print Edition
ISBN 978-3-7001-8845-2
Online Edition
Archaeologia Austriaca 104  doi:10.1553/archaeologia104 
2020,   354 Seiten, zahlr. Farb- und s/w Abb. und Pläne, 29,7x21cm, deutsch-englisch, broschiert
Open access


Ernst Pernicka, Jörg Adam, Gregor Borg, Gerhard Brügmann, Jan-Heinrich Bunnefeld, Wolfgang Kainz, Mechthild Klamm, Thomas Koiki, Harald Meller, Ralf Schwarz, Thomas Stöllner, Christian-Heinrich Wunderlich, Alfred Reichenberger
S.  89 - 122
doi:10.1553/archaeologia104s89

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften


doi:10.1553/archaeologia104s89
Abstract:
It is not unusual that archaeological finds come under renewed scrutiny. This is actually an important part in the progress of scientific research. All the more so when important and ground-breaking discoveries are involved, like the Nebra Sky Disc, which is listed among the UNESCO “Memory of the World”. However, in most cases a new assessment is based on new data or insights. None of this is presented in a recently published article by Gebhard and Krause (2020). Instead, their argument is based on early published and unpublished material, which is used and cited selectively and ignores a substantial number of subsequent publications. Since the Nebra Sky Disc is a unique find that was not recovered during a controlled excavation, it can neither be dated by traditional typological methods nor prima facie by its appearance. Moreover, there is no scientific method yet available to date copper alloys exactly, so that the date suggested in the original publication was established by reconstructing the find context and by analysing the accompanying finds that are typologically and radiocarbon dated to around 1600 BC. The find location on the Mittelberg was excavated in great detail and a number of scientific analyses confirmed the testimony of the looters in a court trial that the Sky Disc had been buried there together with the accompanying finds. These analyses also disproved an earlier claim that the Sky Disc was a modern fake. This allegation is not repeated by Gebhard and Krause (2020) but they do use similar arguments for their claim that the Sky Disc was not found together with the hoard and may not even have been on the Mittelberg near Nebra. By contrast, they assert that the Sky Disc should be typologically dated to the Iron Age. It can be shown that their arguments are based on a distortion of the evidence derived both in the court trial and by scientific analyses. They combine their proposal with a superficial typological discussion of the image displayed on the Sky Disc. As this overview demonstrates, through interdisciplinary studies it is possible to determine the origin and composition of the Nebra hoard with the greatest possible certainty. This determination was based on results from sediment attachments, the chemical concentrations of gold and copper in the geological subsoil of the findspot, astronomical references, as well as an analysis of the traces left by the looters, police investigations, and a comprehensive confession by the offenders, which has confirmed the independently obtained archaeological and scientific observations.

Keywords:  Nebra Sky Disc, find context, Early Bronze Age, authenticity, archaeology, archaeometry, soil pedology/geology
Published Online:  2020/11/12 14:34:05
Object Identifier:  0xc1aa5572 0x003bfe98
Rights:All rights reserved.For questions regarding copyright and copies please contact us by email.

Sophie Zimmermann, Barbara Horejs
Editorial

Artikel / Articles

Doris Pany-Kucera, Michaela Spannagl-Steiner, Lukas Waltenberger, Walther Parson, Christina Strobl, Barbara Rendl, Lukas Janker, Fabian Kanz, Katharina Rebay- Salisbury
Social Relations, Deprivation and Violence at Schleinbach, Lower Austria. Insights from an Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Early Bronze Age Human Remains
Appendix 1. Catalogue of Human Remains from Schleinbach – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s13-A

Anika Retzmann, Anna-Maria Kriechbaum, Monika Griebl, Karin Wiltschke-Schrotta, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Johanna Irrgeher, Thomas Prohaska
Sr Isotope Analysis of Human Remains from Settlement Pits at Stillfried/March. Reappraising Diagenetic Changes

Ernst Pernicka, Jörg Adam, Gregor Borg, Gerhard Brügmann, Jan-Heinrich Bunnefeld, Wolfgang Kainz, Mechthild Klamm, Thomas Koiki, Harald Meller, Ralf Schwarz, Thomas Stöllner, Christian-Heinrich Wunderlich, Alfred Reichenberger
Why the Nebra Sky Disc Dates to the Early Bronze Age. An Overview of the Interdisciplinary Results

Leandra Reitmaier-Naef, Peter Thomas, Julia Bucher, Monika Oberhänsli, Caroline O. Grutsch, Klaus-Peter Martinek, Mathias Seifert, Philippe Rentzel, Rouven Turck, Thomas Reitmaier, Philippe Della Casa
Mining at the Fringes. High-Altitude Prehistoric Copper Mining in the Oberhalbstein Valley (Grisons, Switzerland)
Appendix 1. Supplementary Data – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s123-A

Anja Hellmuth Kramberger
„Sonnenbarken“ und „Mondscheiben“ im bronzezeitlichen Istrien? Zu zwei besonderen Schalen mit verziertem Boden aus der Gradina von Monkodonja nahe Rovinj, Kroatien

Annalisa Rumolo
Treazzano di Monsampolo, a Recent Bronze Age Settlement in the Middle Adriatic Area

Laetitia Phialon
Thoughts on the Capacities of Goblets and Consumption Practices in Middle Helladic and Early Mycenaean Settlements
Appendix 1. Supplementary Data: Capacities of Drinking Vessels and Tableware – ONLINE, doi: 10.1553/archaeologia104s195-A

Paul Gleirscher
Keltischer oder etruskischer Einfluss? Ein späthallstattzeitlicher Armreif mit gegenständiger Kopfzier aus Möllbrücke (Kärnten)

Nives Doneus, Igor Miholjek, Kristina Džin, Michael Doneus, Pavle Dugonjić, Hannes Schiel
Archaeological Prospection of Coastal and Submerged Settlement Sites. Re-Evaluation of the Roman Site Complex of Vižula, Croatia

Mária Műllerová
New Synthesis of Early Medieval Iron Hoards from Slovakia

Martin Neumann
Standortwahl des Kalvarienberges im Vorfeld der Burg Červený Kameň (SW-Slowakei)

Rezensionen / Reviews

Eva Lenneis
Joanna Pyzel (Hrsg.), Ludwinowo, stanowisko 7: Osada neolityczna na Kujawach / Ludwinowo, Site 7: Neolithic Settlement in Kuyavia. Ocalone dziedzictwo archeologiczne 8 / Saved Archaeological Heritage 8 (Profil-Archeo Publishing House and Archaeological Studio, University of Gdańsk Publishing House, Pękowice – Gdańsk 2019)

Jörg Weilhartner
Louis Godart, Anna Sacconi, Les archives du roi Nestor: Corpus des inscriptions en linéaire B de Pylos. Vol. 1: séries Aa–Fr, Vol. 2: séries Gn–Xn. Pasiphae 13–14 (Fabrizio Serra Editore, Pisa – Rom 2019–2020) und / and Jean-Pierre Olivier, Maurizio Del Freo, The Pylos Tablets Transcribed: Deuxième Édition (Libreriauniversitaria.it edizioni, Padua 2020)

Felix Höflmayer
Birgit Schiller, Handel in Krisenzeiten: Ägyptisch-mykenische Handelsbeziehungen in der Ramessidenzeit (Archaeopress, Oxford 2018)

Ernst Czerny
Florian Ebeling, Christian E. Loeben (Hrsg.), O Isis und Osiris – Ägyptens Mysterien und die Freimaurerei. Museum Kestnerianum 21 (Verlag Marie Leidorf, Rahden/Westfalen 2018)

Karl Krierer
Stephan G. Schmid, Sophie G. Horacek (Hrsg.), “I don’t know what am I myself, it is so very difficult to explain.” Max Ohnefalsch-Richter (1850–1917) und die Archäologie Zyperns. Studia Cyprologica Berolinensia 1 (Logos Verlag, Berlin 2018)



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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: verlag@oeaw.ac.at